You can buy vendor gear to get you higher. Do the Weekly Heroic and save Strange Coins, buy a Helmet from Xûr (no matter which one or if low stats you can always upgrade it later) change the Queen's one, it's just about bringing up your level 1st. Then switch those Exotic Gauntlets for the Legendary ones Eris gives. Finally when you have enough Marks saved up buy a Chest from any Vendor. At level 28 you can very easily do normal VoG and CE. If you don't have friends that'll take you, I see posts all the time of people willing to help lower lvl or raiders with less experience. We carry friends lower lvl alts through lvl 30 Weekly Heroic &Nightfall all of the time (2 people can do them and you can hang back as a kind of safety net, but make sure to get some kills in and some shots at end of boss). Look in or even post in #Recruitment and LFG sites for those willing to help lower levels or carry to get you better gear. Sorry my friends and I can't help on PSN.

You can now buy armor to get to level 31. So just do some bounties, earn some vanguard marks, then purchase some armor. Alternately, you can easily get into normal Vault of Glass raids where you can find armor to get to level 30. For raid groups try posting in #recruiting or hitting one of the DestinyLFG sites. If you have specific questions or need more details just holla. ;-)

Ask guardians at the tower for help. Start off doing VOG on normal until you get Vision of Confluence, raid armour, and other essential gear. If that doesn't work, just do vanguard tiger-roc. Hope this helps.